In steam power station, converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a steam power station.
Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion. The steam is then expanded in the prime mover and is condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again. The stem turbine drives the alternator which converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into the electrical energy.
Advantages:
1. Fuel cost is low.
2. Less initial cost.
3. Required less space compared to other station.
4. Operating cost is less or cost of generation is low.
5. It can be installed at any place.
Disadvantages:
1. It pollutes the environment.
2. Running cost is high as compared to hydroelectric plant.
Choice Of Site For Stream Power Station:
Supply Of Fuel:
For minimize the transportation cost the steam power station should be installed near the coal mines.
Available Of Water:
Steam power station should be located near the canal or at the bank of the river because of continuous supply of water. As huge amount of water is required for the condenser.
Transportation Facilities:
A modern power station often requires the transportation of machineries and materials. Therefore adequate transportation facilities must exist. The plant should be well connected to other parts of the country by railroad etc.
Cost and Type Of Land:
It should be located at the place where land is cheap and further extension, if necessary, if possible. Moreover, the bearing capacity of the ground should be adequate so that heavy equipment could be installed.
Distance From Populated Area:
A huge amount of coal is burn in the steam power station, therefore smoke and fumes pollute the surrounding area. Thus it is necessary to install the plant at the considerable distance from the populated area.
Schematic Arrangement of Steam power station:
Coal and Ash Handling Arrangement:
The coal is transferred to the power station by road or rail and is stored to the coal storage plant. Storage of coal is a matter of protection against coal strike, frailer of transportation system and general coal shortage. From the coal storage plant, coal is delivered to the coal handling plant where it is pulverized in order to increase its surface exposure, thus promoting rapid combustion without using large quantity of excess air. Then the coal is fed to the boiler.
The coal is burnt in the boiler and the ash produced after the complete combustion of coal is removed to the ash handling plant and delivered to the ash storage plant for the disposal.
Steam Generating plant:
The steam generating plant consists of a boiler for the production of steam and other auxiliary equipment for the utilizations of flue gases.
Ø Boiler:
Boiler is used to convert the water into steam at high temperature and pressure. The flue gases from the boiler make their journey through super heater, economizer, and air pre-heater and finally exhausted to atmosphere through the chimney.
Ø Super heater:
The steam produced in the boiler is wet and passed through a superheated where it is dried and superheated by the flue gases on their way to chimney.
Ø Air preheater:
An air preheater increase the temperature of the air supplied for coal burning by driving heat from flue gases. It Extracts heat from flue gases and increase the temperature of air used for coal combustion.
Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion. The steam is then expanded in the prime mover and is condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again. The stem turbine drives the alternator which converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into the electrical energy.
Advantages:
1. Fuel cost is low.
2. Less initial cost.
3. Required less space compared to other station.
4. Operating cost is less or cost of generation is low.
5. It can be installed at any place.
Disadvantages:
1. It pollutes the environment.
2. Running cost is high as compared to hydroelectric plant.
Choice Of Site For Stream Power Station:
Supply Of Fuel:
For minimize the transportation cost the steam power station should be installed near the coal mines.
Available Of Water:
Steam power station should be located near the canal or at the bank of the river because of continuous supply of water. As huge amount of water is required for the condenser.
Transportation Facilities:
A modern power station often requires the transportation of machineries and materials. Therefore adequate transportation facilities must exist. The plant should be well connected to other parts of the country by railroad etc.
Cost and Type Of Land:
It should be located at the place where land is cheap and further extension, if necessary, if possible. Moreover, the bearing capacity of the ground should be adequate so that heavy equipment could be installed.
Distance From Populated Area:
A huge amount of coal is burn in the steam power station, therefore smoke and fumes pollute the surrounding area. Thus it is necessary to install the plant at the considerable distance from the populated area.
Schematic Arrangement of Steam power station:
Coal and Ash Handling Arrangement:
The coal is transferred to the power station by road or rail and is stored to the coal storage plant. Storage of coal is a matter of protection against coal strike, frailer of transportation system and general coal shortage. From the coal storage plant, coal is delivered to the coal handling plant where it is pulverized in order to increase its surface exposure, thus promoting rapid combustion without using large quantity of excess air. Then the coal is fed to the boiler.
The coal is burnt in the boiler and the ash produced after the complete combustion of coal is removed to the ash handling plant and delivered to the ash storage plant for the disposal.
Steam Generating plant:
The steam generating plant consists of a boiler for the production of steam and other auxiliary equipment for the utilizations of flue gases.
Ø Boiler:
Boiler is used to convert the water into steam at high temperature and pressure. The flue gases from the boiler make their journey through super heater, economizer, and air pre-heater and finally exhausted to atmosphere through the chimney.
Ø Super heater:
The steam produced in the boiler is wet and passed through a superheated where it is dried and superheated by the flue gases on their way to chimney.
Ø Air preheater:
An air preheater increase the temperature of the air supplied for coal burning by driving heat from flue gases. It Extracts heat from flue gases and increase the temperature of air used for coal combustion.